Using virtual reality to study the impact of audience size on cortisol responses to the Trier Social Stress Test

Virtual Reality Trier Social Stress Test (VR-TSST) protocols have been shown to effectively elicit psychophysiological stress by having participants perform a speech and math task while viewing virtual (non-present) audience. However, few studies utilized VR technology examine variables that would otherwise be difficult manipulate in the lab. This study examined impact of large audience (i.e., 200 members) on physiological cortisol) psychological responses 140 individuals. Participants were randomly assigned one three conditions: an in-person (2-person) audience, 2-person or 200-person condition. Salivary cortisol was collected assess reactivity recovery. self-reported TSST including stress, arousal, emotions, perceptions Results revealed all conditions elicited reactivity. The condition resulted greater concentrations more negative affect than small Thus effectiveness VR-TSST may enhanced use larger stimulus.